Hydrocarbon Product Suppliers Serving Australia Business
Every hydrocarbon product supplied by Refinery Direct meets the very highest Australian and international standards. We source everything from the most reputable suppliers around the world, ensuring exceptional value and product performance for our loyal client base. Explore our product range then contact us to place your order today.
FUEL
We offer fuels and lubricants for all vehicle types from cars and motorcycles to industrial equipment such as trucks, boats and agricultural machinery.
Our range includes Diesel, Unleaded and Premium Unleaded.
DIESEL
Refinery Direct supply diesel with:
1.a sulfur content of less than 10ppm (typically 8ppm) to our clients. The low sulfur content ensures cleaner burning and reduces emissions.
2.High Cetane Index of 59 versus Australian standard of 48 which provides greater fuel economy and lower fuel use.
UNLEADED
PREMIUM UNLEADED
METHANOL
METHANOL USE
Methanol is used as a raw material in a wide variety of industrial production processes and as a more environmentally friendly fuel type. We supply high-quality methanol in any quantity you need.
- Formaldehyde production for use in MDF and plywood industry
- Melamine resin production for use in a range of utensils, inbuilt switches, and industrial glues.
- Acetic acid production for use in VAM and cellulose acetate in the textile industry.
- Methyl Methacrylate (PMAA) for use in laminates.
- Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) production as a gasoline enhancer.
- Producing DME for substituting diesel fuel.
- Mixing with petrol for car engine fuel usage.
- Producing ethylene and propylene as raw materials.
METHANOL USAGEMETHANOL PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
| Analytical Parameter | Method | Unit | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appearance | IMPCA 003-98 | - | CFSM |
| Purity on Dry Basis | IMPCA 001-14 | wt% | Min 99.85 |
| Acetone content | IMPCA 001-14 | mg/kg | Max 30 |
| Ethanol | IMPCA 001-14 | mg/kg | Max 50 |
| Color Pt-Co | ASTM D 1209-11 | Pt-Co | Max 5 |
| Water | ASTM E 1064-12 | wt% | Max 0.1 |
| Distillation Range at 760 mm Hg | ASTM D 1078-11 | °C | Max 1.0 |
| Initial Boiling Point (IBP) | ASTM D 1078-11 | °C | Max 64.7 |
| Dry point (DP) | ASTM D 1078-11 | °C | Min 64.5 |
| Specific Gravity@20°/20° °C | ASTM D 4052-11 | - | 0.791 – 0.793 |
| PTT at 15°C | ASTM D 1363-11 | Minutes | Min 60 |
| Chloride as Cl- | IMPCA 002-98 | mg/kg | Max 0.5 |
| Sulphur | ASTM D 5453-12 | mg/kg | Max 0.5 |
| Hydrocarbons | ASTM D 1722-09 | Visual | Pass test |
| Carbon sable Substances (Sulfuric Acid Wash) | ASTM E 346-08 | Pt-Co | Max 30 |
| Acidity as Acetic Acid | ASTM D 1613-12 | mg/kg | Max 30 |
| Total Iron | ASTM E 394-09 | mg/kg | Max 0.1 |
| Non Volatile Matter | ASTM D 1353-13 | mg/1000ml | Max 8 |
ETHANOL
ETHANOL USE
Research into the possibilities of ethanol as an environmental and economic solution is currently ongoing and we can supply bulk quantities of ethanol for a wide range of applications.
Although ethanol could be a part of the environmental and economic solutions surrounding fossil fuels, debates about its efficiency are still being sorted out. Supporters of ethanol say that it adds energy to the economy while naysayers argue that producing ethanol results in a net loss of energy. A study by Argonne National Laboratory concluded that ethanol generated 35% more energy than what it took to produce the batch. Other studies, however, argue that ethanol production actually results in a net loss of energy, which means that it costs more energy to produce ethanol than what the ethanol can give back.
This would be the same thing as starting a business that loses money every quarter. Another problem with ethanol production that farmers are concerned about is the net loss of jobs that ethanol production could potentially create. This is because farmers, in pursuit of higher profits, could abandon livestock pursuits and switch to ethanol production, which requires far less manpower than the livestock sector. Some objectors even argue that ethanol production could decrease global food production.
FUEL GRADE ETHANOL SPECIFICATIONS
Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasoline for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Specification | 92.1 min |
| Methanol, % v/v | 0.5 max |
| Water content, % v/v | 1.0 max |
| Denaturant content, % v/v | 1.96 min 4.76 max |
| Solvent-washed gum, mg/100mL | 5.0 max |
| Inorganic chloride content, mass ppm | 40 max |
| Copper content, mg/kg | 0.1 max |
| Acidity as acetic acid, mass % (mg/L) | 0.0053 max (In presence of corrosion inhibitors and detergents) |
| pHe | 6.5 to 9.0 |
| Appearance | Visibly free of suspended or precipitated contaminants (clear and bright) |
SPECIFICATION
PRODUCT: ETHYL ALCOHOL/ETHANOL-CAS [64-17-5] (HYDROUS)
| CHARECTERISTICS | SPECIFICATION |
|---|---|
| Appearance, suspended matters. | Clear, colourless, volatile liquid, free from |
| Specific gravity at 20 o /20o C Max. | 0.8126 |
| Ethanol content, % v/v at 20o C Min. | 95.00 |
| Miscibility with water. | Miscible. |
| Alkalinity | Nil |
| Acidity (as Acetic acid), mg/L Max | 100.00 |
| Aldehyde content (as Acetaldehyde), mg/L Max | 1000.00 |
| Ester content (as Ethyl acetate), mg/L Max. | 200.00 |
| Methanol content, mg/L Max. | 200.00 |
| Fusel Oil /Higher Alcohol content, mg/L Max | 400.00 |
| Furfural content, mg/L Max. | ND |
| Residue on evaporation % by mass Max. | 0.010 |
| Copper (as Cu), mg/L Max. | 4.000 |
| Lead (as Pb), mg/L Max. | 1.000 |
MTO
MINERAL TURPENTINE OIL USE
ABOUT REFINERY DIRECT
We supply all types of mineral turpentine oil for a variety of industrial and commercial uses.
Three different types and three different grades of white spirit exist. The type refers to whether the solvent has been subjected to hydrodesulfurization (removal of sulfur) alone (type 1), solvent extraction (type 2), or hydrogenation (type 3).
Each type comprises three grades: low flash grade, regular grade, and high flash grade (flash refers to flash point). The grade is determined by the crude oil used as the starting material and the conditions of distillation.
In addition, there is type 0, which is defined as a distillation fraction with no further treatment, consisting predominantly of saturated C9 to C12 hydrocarbons with a boiling range of 140–200 °C (284–392 °F).
Stoddard solvent is a specific mixture of hydrocarbons, typically over 65% C10 or higher hydrocarbons, developed in 1924 by Atlanta dry cleaner W. J. Stoddard and Lloyd E. Jackson of the Mellon Institute of Industrial Research as a less flammable petroleum-based dry cleaning solvent than the petroleum solvents then in use. Dry cleaners began using the result of their work in 1928, and it soon became the predominant dry cleaning solvent in the United States until the late 1950s.
Turpentine substitute is generally not made to a standard and can have a wider range of components than products marketed as white spirit, which is made to a standard (in the UK, British Standard BS 245, in Germany, DIN 51632). Turpentine substitute can be used for general cleaning but is not recommended for paint thinning as it may adversely affect drying times due to the less volatile components; while it may be used for brush cleaning, its heavier components may leave an oily residue.
In Australia, white spirit is normally sold under the generic name of Shellite (a trademark of Shell Australia), and is composed of C6 to C10 straight alkanes, classing it as light pure naphtha. It is used for fuel and cleaning.
White Spirit is a petroleum distillate used as a paint thinner and mild solvent. In the industry, mineral spirits are used for cleaning and degreasing machine tools and parts, and in conjunction with cutting oil as a thread cutting and reaming lubricant.
Mineral spirits are an inexpensive petroleum-based replacement for vegetable-based turpentine. It is commonly used as a paint thinner for oil-based paint and cleaning brushes, and as an organic solvent in other applications. Mineral turpentine is chemically very different from turpentine, which mainly consists of pinene, and it has inferior solvent properties. Artists use mineral spirits as an alternative to turpentine since it is less flammable and less toxic. Because of interactions with pigments in oil paints, artists require a higher grade of mineral spirits than many industrial users, including the complete absence of residual sulfur.
Mineral spirits were formerly an active ingredient in the laundry soap Fels Naptha, used to dissolve oils and grease in laundry stains, and as a popular remedy for eliminating the contagious oil urushiol in poison ivy. It was removed as a potential health risk.
Mineral spirits have a characteristic unpleasant kerosene-like odor. Chemical manufacturers have developed a low odor version of mineral turpentine which contains less of the highly volatile shorter hydrocarbons. Odorless mineral spirits are mineral spirits that have been further refined to remove the more toxic aromatic compounds and are recommended for applications such as oil painting, where humans have close contact with the solvent.
In screen printing (also referred to as silk-screening), mineral spirits are often used to clean and unclog screens after printing with oil-based textile and plastisol inks. They are also used to thin inks used in making monoprints.
Mineral spirits are often used inside liquid-filled compasses and gauges.
Mineral spirits are used for regripping golf clubs. After the old grip is removed, the mineral spirits are poured into the new grip and shaken. After the mineral spirits are poured on, the new underlying tape and the new grip are slid on. After an hour of drying out, the new grip and club are ready to use.
Although not normally marketed as a fuel, white spirit can be used as an alternative to kerosene in portable stoves, since it is merely a light grade of kerosene. It cannot be used as an alternative to white gas, which is a much more volatile gasoline-like fuel. White spirits are a major ingredient in some popular automotive fuel/oil additives, such as Marvel Mystery Oil, as they are capable of dissolving varnish and sludge buildup.
Mineral spirits are commonly used for cutting fluid in ultraprecision lathes (commonly referred to as diamond turning machines).
CERTIFICATE OF QUALITY
- Description of Good : Low Aromatic White Spirit (LAWS) Packed in Flexi Bag
- Reference No : Invoice No - AITS/INV/4918/1
- Port of Loading : Jebel Ali, Dubai,U.A.E
- Port of Discharge : Chennai, India.
We hereby conf irm that the quality of Low Aromatic White Spirit (LAW S) as per our lab repon is as quoted below:
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Specification | 92.1 min |
| Methanol, % v/v | 0.5 max |
| Water content, % v/v | 1.0 max |
| Denaturant content, % v/v | 1.96 min 4.76 max |
| Solvent-washed gum, mg/100mL | 5.0 max |
| Inorganic chloride content, mass ppm | 40 max |
| Copper content, mg/kg | 0.1 max |
| Acidity as acetic acid, mass % (mg/L) | 0.0053 max (In presence of corrosion inhibitors and detergents) |
| pHe | 6.5 to 9.0 |
| Appearance | Visibly free of suspended or precipitated contaminants (clear and bright) |
XYLENE
XYLENE USE
You can order commercial or mixed xylene from us in any quantity and our team can provide expert advice and guidance to help you find the right product.
Commercial or mixed xylene usually contains about 40-65% m-xylene and up to 20% each of o-xylene and p-xylene and ethylbenzene. Xylenes are released into the atmosphere as fugitive emissions from industrial sources, from auto exhaust, and through volatilization from their use as solvents. Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure to mixed xylenes in humans results in irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, gastrointestinal effects, eye irritation, and neurological effects. Chronic (long-term) inhalation exposure of humans to mixed xylenes results primarily in central nervous system (CNS) effects, such as headache, dizziness, fatigue, tremors, and incoordination; respiratory, cardiovascular, and kidney effects have also been reported. EPA has classified mixed xylenes as a Group D, not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity.
USES
- Mixed xylenes are distributed throughout the environment; they have been detected in air, rainwater, soils, surface water, sediments, drinking water, and aquatic organisms. (1)
SOURCES AND POTENTIAL EXPOSURE
- Xylenes are released into the atmosphere as fugitive emissions from industrial sources, from auto exhaust, and through volatilization from their use as solvents. (1)
- Ambient air concentrations of mixed xylenes in urban areas of the United States range from 0.003 to 0.38 milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m³). (1)
- Mixed xylenes have also been detected at low levels in indoor air; xylenes have been widely used in home use products such as synthetic fragrances and paints.
- Levels of mixed xylenes in drinking water have been reported to range from 0.2 to 9.9 micrograms per liter (µg/L), with mean concentrations of less than 2 µg/L. (1)
- Xylenes are released into the atmosphere as fugitive emissions from industrial sources, from auto exhaust, and through volatilization from their use as solvents. (1)
- Occupational exposure to mixed xylenes may occur at workplaces where mixed xylenes are produced and used as industrial solvents. (1)
- Xylene exposure may be to any of the three isomers or to mixtures of the isomers. (1)
ASSESSING PERSONAL EXPOSURE
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- m-, o-, and p-Xylene are the three isomers of xylene; commercial or mixed xylene usually contains about 40-65% m-xylene and up to 20% each of o- and p-xylene and ethylbenzene. (1)
- Mixed xylenes are colorless liquids that are practically insoluble in water and have a sweet odor. (1)
- The odor threshold for m-xylene is 1.1 ppm. (4)
- The chemical formula for mixed xylenes is C8H10, and the molecular weight is 106.16 g/mol. (1)
- The vapor pressure for mixed xylenes is 6.728 mm Hg at 21 °C, and the log octanol/water partition coefficient (log Kow) is 3.12 – 3.20. (1)
SALES SPECIFICATION
The product is warranted to meet the values specified below. Actual values may deviate within the established reproducibility of the test method. In case of dispute, the test methods specified below, or their equivalent, will be used in conjunction with ASTM D 3244,
Standard Practice for Utilization of Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications.
| Appearance, Visual | Pass |
| Nitration Grade Xylene, ASTM D 843-95 | Complies |
| Aromatics Content, ASTM D 2306, Vol. % | 99 Min. |
| Benzene Content, GCMS, (ppm) | 300 Max. |
| Color | -- |
| ASTM D 156, Saybolt Units | 30 Min. |
| ASTM D 1209, Platinum-Cobalt Scale | 10 Max |
| Distillation, ASTM D 850 | -- |
| IBP, ° C | 137 Min |
| DP,° C | 143 Max. |
| Range,° C | 5 MAx. |
| Specific Gravity, ASTM D 4052 | -- |
| @15.6° /15.6° C | 0.865 - 0.875 |
FERTILISERS
We supply a range of commonly used fertilisers, including diammonium phosphate and urea. Ask our team if you have any questions or want to place your order.
DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE (DAP)
PRODUCTION
The inputs required to produce one ton of DAP fertilizer are approximately 1.5 to 2 tons of phosphate rock, 0.4 tons of sulfur (S) to dissolve the rock, and 0.2 tons of ammonia. Changes in the supply or price of any of these inputs will impact DAP prices and availability. The high nutrient content of DAP helps reduce handling, freight, and application costs. DAP is produced in many locations in the world and is a widely traded fertilizer commodity .
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
- Chemica l formula: (NH4)2 HPO4
- Composition: 18% N, 46% P2 05 (20% P)
- Water solu bi l ity (20 °C): 588 g/L
- Solution pH: 7.5 to 8
AGRICULTURAL USE
DAP fertilizer is an excellent source of P and nitrogen (N) for plant nutrition. It’s highly soluble and thus dissolves quickly in soil to release plant-available phosphate and ammonium. A notable property of DAP is the alkaline pH that develops around the dissolving granule.
Once in the soil, the ammonium ion in DAP is rapidly converted to nitrate by soil bacteria, resulting in a subsequent drop in pH. Therefore, the rise in soil pH surrounding DAP granules is a temporary effect. This initial rise in soil pH neighboring DAP can influence the micro-site reactions of phosphate and soil organic matter.
As dissolving DAP granules release ammonium, the seedlings and plant roots nearest the volatile ammonia can be harmed. This potential damage more commonly occurs when the soil pH is greater than 7, a condition that often exists around the dissolving DAP granule. To prevent such damage, users should avoid placing high concentrations of DAP near germinating seeds.
MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Differences in the initial chemical reaction between various commercial P fertilizers in soil become minor over time (within weeks or months) and are minimal as far as plant nutrition is concerned. Most field comparisons between DAP and monoammonium phosphate (MAP) show only minor or no differences in plant growth and yield due to P source with proper management.
NON-AGRICULTURAL USES
DAP also acts as a fire retardant. For example, a mixture of DAP and other ingredients can be spread in advance of a fire to prevent a forest from burning. It then becomes a nutrient source after the danger of fire has passed. DAP is used in various industrial processes, too, such as metal finishing. And, it’s commonly added to wine to sustain yeast fermentation and to milk to produce cheese cultures.
PACKING: IN BULK OR BAGS / 50 KG
SPECIFICATION DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE
Diammonium phosphate is the most popular phosphatic fertiliser because of its high analysis and good physical properties.
The composition of DAP is N-18% and P2O5-46%.
| Moisture % by weight, maximum | 2.5 |
| Total N % by weight, minimum | 18 |
| Ammonical nitrogen % by weight, minimum | 15.5 |
| BIURET | 1.0% maximum |
| Available Phosphorus (as P2O5)% by weight, minimum | 46.0 |
| Water Soluble Phosphorus (as P2O5)% by weight, minimum | 39.5 |
| Particle size: Minimum 90% of the material be retained on 1 mm and 4 mm IS sieve |
UREA
SPECIFICATION DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE
| Product | UREA N46 agriculture grade |
|---|---|
| Nitrogen | 46% minimum |
| Moisture | 0.5 max |
| Free ammonia | 160 PXT PPM maximum |
| BIURET | 1.0% maximum |
| Harmful substances | 100 % free from harmful substances |
| Melting point | 132 degree Celsius |
| Granulation | 1mm to 4mm 90% minimum |
| Color | White standard or white pure |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Boiling | Decomposes before boiling |
| Radiation | Non-radioactive |
| Physical state | Solid@20°C, 101 KPA white granules |
| Specific gravity | Solid@20° C-1.35 t/ms |
| Floatability in water | Sinks and mixes |
| Molecular weight | 60.065 |
| Fertilizer granular | 94-96%min |
| Prill | 96% max |
| Fisher | 0.30% |
TOULENE
TOLUENE USE
Toluene, also known as methylbenzene is widely used in industrial settings as a solvent and is also an ingredient in some consumer products such as paints, glues, and nail polish removers.
Toluene occurs naturally in crude oil and in the tolu tree. It is also produced during the manufacturing of gasoline and other fuels from crude oil, as well as in making coke, a type of fuel derived from coal used in steel production.
INDUSTRIAL USES
PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS
TRANSPORTATION
Toluene is produced in the manufacturing of gasoline, and it is also a gasoline additive that can be used to improve octane ratings for fuel used in race cars and other automobiles.
The higher the octane number or rating, the greater the fuel’s resistance to knocking or pinging during combustion. Toluene is used in these applications because it is dense and contains significant energy per unit of volume, which enhances power generation for vehicles.
Toluene is added to gasoline, used to produce benzene, and used as a solvent. Exposure to toluene may occur from breathing ambient or indoor air affected by such sources. The central nervous system (CNS) is the primary target organ for toluene toxicity in both humans and animals for acute (short-term) and chronic (long-term) exposures. CNS dysfunction and narcosis have been frequently observed in humans acutely exposed to elevated airborne levels of toluene; symptoms include fatigue, sleepiness, headaches, and nausea. CNS depression has been reported to occur in chronic abusers exposed to high levels of toluene. Chronic inhalation exposure of humans to toluene also causes irritation of the upper respiratory tract and eyes, sore throat, dizziness, and headache. Human studies have reported developmental effects, such as CNS dysfunction, attention deficits, and minor craniofacial and limb anomalies, in the children of pregnant women exposed to high levels of toluene or mixed solvents by inhalation. EPA has concluded that there is inadequate information to assess the carcinogenic potential of toluene.
SOURCES AND POTENTIAL EXPOSURE
- Xylenes are released into the atmosphere as fugitive emissions from industrial sources, from auto exhaust, and through volatilization from their use as solvents. (1)
- Ambient air concentrations of mixed xylenes in urban areas of the United States range from 0.003 to 0.38 milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m³). (1)
- Mixed xylenes have also been detected at low levels in indoor air; xylenes have been widely used in home use products such as synthetic fragrances and paints.
- Levels of mixed xylenes in drinking water have been reported to range from 0.2 to 9.9 micrograms per liter (µg/L), with mean concentrations of less than 2 µg/L. (1)
- Xylenes are released into the atmosphere as fugitive emissions from industrial sources, from auto exhaust, and through volatilization from their use as solvents. (1)
- Occupational exposure to mixed xylenes may occur at workplaces where mixed xylenes are produced and used as industrial solvents. (1)
- Xylene exposure may be to any of the three isomers or to mixtures of the isomers. (1)
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
| TEST | METHOD | SPECIFICATION |
|---|---|---|
| Colour | 5 of IS : 82 -1973 | Not darker than freshly prepared solution of 0.8 ml. of 0.1N Potassium Dichromate and 12 ml. of 0.1N of Cobalt Sulphate made up to 1000 ml with water. |
| At 15/15°C | --- | 0.8700 to 0.8740 |
| At 27/27°C | --- | 0.8590 to 0.8630 |
| Distillation range | IS : 5298(1969) | The difference between temperature (running pts) at which 1 & 96% of the volume taken have been collected shall not exceed 0.6°C when a treated sample is tested by standard method. This range shall include the temperature of 110.6°C. |
| Residue on evaporation, mg/100 ml. | 9 of IS:82-1973 | |
| Total Sulphur %wt. | Appendix C of IS:537-1967 | Max.0.1 |
| Hydrogen Sulphide | Appendix D of IS:537-1967 | To pass test |
| Mercaptan | P:19 of IS:1448 | Shall give no positive reaction. |
| Conforms to specifications of IS:537-1967 Nitration grade of Toluene | ||
| In addition BPCL follows the following spec for better customer satisfaction | ||
| Acid Wash Colour | D - 848 | Not darker than No. 2 Colour Standard. |
| Distillation | IS:5298-1969 | Difference between IBP & DP shall be not more than 1°C |
BITUMEN
DEFINITION OF BITUMEN PENETRATION GRADE 60/70
Bitumen Penetration Grade 60/70 is a standard penetration grade Bitumen usually used as a Paving Grade Bitumen suitable for road construction and for the production of asphalt pavements with superior properties. This grade of Bitumen is mainly used in the manufacture of hot mix asphalt for bases and wearing courses. Penetration Grade Bitumen supplied is petroleum grade bitumen, manufactured from fractional/vacuum distillation of crude oil. The Bitumen supplied is produced from the vacuum residue (short residue) feedstock. Penetration Grade bitumens are specified by the penetration and softening point test. The designation is by penetration range only. The penetration grade bitumens have a thermoplastic property which causes the material to soften at high temperatures and to harden at lower temperatures. This unique temperature/viscosity relationship is important when determining the performance parameters such as the adhesion, rheology, durability, and application temperatures of bitumen.
The Bitumen mode is dependent on temperature. The temperature-vs-stiffness relationship of bitumen is dependent on the type of crude oil and its refining method. Bitumen penetration grade 60/70 is semi-hard penetration grade bitumen used as a paving grade bitumen which is suitable for road construction and repair. It is also used for the production of asphalt pavements with the below technical specification. This grade of bitumen is mainly used in the manufacturing of hot mix asphalt for bases and wearing courses. Bitumen penetration grade 60/70 is one of the most used bitumen grades and it’s a basic material for all other bituminous products.
Penetration determines the hardness of bitumen by measuring the depth to which a standard loaded needle will vertically penetrate in 5 seconds, in a sample of bitumen maintained at a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius.
APPLICATION OF BITUMEN PENETRATION GRADE 60/70
Bitumen 60/70 is suitable for road construction and for asphalt pavements with superior properties. This type of bitumen is used in the manufacture of hot mix asphalt for bases and wearing courses.
SPECIFICATION OF BITUMEN PENETRATION 60/70
| Bitumen 60/70 | Test method | Unit | Specification |
|---|---|---|---|
| Specific gravity @ 25°C | ASTM D70 | Kg/cm3 | 1.01/1.06 |
| Penetration @ 25°C | ASTM D5 | Mm/10 | 60/70 |
| Softening point °C | ASTM D36 | °C | 42/50 |
| Ductility @25 °C | ASTM D113 | cm | 100 min |
| Loss on heating(wt) % | ASTM D6 | wt % | 0.2 max |
| Drop in penetration after heating % | ASTM D5-D6 | % | 20 max |
| Flashpoint °C | ASTM D92 | °C | 250 min |
| Solubility is CS2(wt) % | ASTM D4 | wt % | 99.5 min |
| Spot test | A.A.S.H.O.T102 | --- | Negative |
SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
PROPERTIES
Melamine powder is tasteless, odorless, and non-toxic. Melamine formaldehyde resins used for laminates offer good hardness, resistance to scratch, stain, water, and heat. Laminates used in some industrial electrical applications possess high mechanical strength, good heat resistance, and good electrical insulating properties.
Asbestos-filled melamine resins possess very high dielectric strength and high heat resistance. Besides the best dimensional stability, melamine formaldehyde molding powder gives clear and bright colors, is easily moldable, and offers resistance to surface scratching.
APPLICATIONS
Laminates
For table tops, kitchen shelves, platforms, wall cladding, bus bodies, interior of railway coaches, counters, deckings, instrument panels.
Consumer Moulded Goods
Bowls, trays, spatulas, mixer’s base, crockery, cutlery items, launderable buttons, lamp shades.
Industrial Moulded Goods
Circuit breakers, television tube support, automotive ignition components, washing machine, agitators, soda fountain parts, switch gears, switch housings, connector plus inserts, wattmeter terminal block, junction boxes, fuse carriers, plating tanks.
Treatment Resin for Paper
For currencies, toilet paper, facial tissues, shopping and shipping bags, map papers, food wrappers, photographic paper.
Resin for Lacquer Paints
For motorcars, refrigerator cabinets, washing machines, kitchen equipment, typewriters, water heaters.
Adhesives
Melamine adhesives from Melamine resins are extra strong, extra tough, highly water resistant, and colorless (veneered doors).
Melamine Resin for Textile Auxiliaries
For providing anti-crease treatment to cotton and other fabrics.
Leather Chemical
MF resins act as pre-tanning agents.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
| Test | Specification |
|---|---|
| Rapid Test | Clear to sight turbid |
| Shift during heating | 0.8% Max. |
| Colour Alpha (after filtration) | 20 Unit Max. |
| Moisture | 0.1% Max. |
| Cold Water Insoluble | W:43:0.05% Max. |
| Bulk Density | 800-1100 gm/Ltr. |
| Assay | 99.8% Min. |
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
| Name | Ferric Chloride Solution (40%+) |
| Synonyms: | Iron chloride, Iron III Chloride, Iron Tri Chloride |
| CAS #: | 7705-08-0 |
| Formula: | FeCl3 |
| Molecular Wt. | 162.2 (100% Basis) |
| Chemical Classification: | Inorganic Acidic Salt, Solution |
| ITC Number: | 28273300 |
| BIS No: | IS 711:1970 |
| CAS No. : | 7705-08-0 |
| EINECS No. : | 231-729-4 |
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
| Form | Liquid Solution with 40 % Ferric Chloride in water |
| Specific Gravity | 1.42 |
| Appearance: | Dark Brown Liquid |
| Boiling Point: | 106C (223 |
| PH: | <2 (less than 2) |
| Solubility in Water: | Complete |
| Vapour Pressure: | 40 mmHg @ 35° C |
| % Volatile | 55-73% (Water) |
| Evaporation Ratio: | None Found |
| Odor: | Slightly Acidic |
Algaecides are chemicals that kill algae and blue or green algae when they are added to water. Examples are copper sulfate, iron salts, rosin amine salts, and benzalkonium chloride. Algaecides are effective against algae but are not very usable for algal blooms for environmental reasons. The problem with most algaecides is that they kill all present algae, but they do not remove the toxins that are released by the algae prior to death.
ANTIFOAMS
Foam is a mass of bubbles created when certain types of gas are dispersed into a liquid. Strong films of liquid then surround the bubbles, forming large volumes of non-productive foam. The cause of foam is a complicated study in physical chemistry, but we already know that its existence presents serious problems in both the operation of industrial processes and the quality of finished products. When it is not held under control, foam can reduce the capacity of equipment and increase the duration and costs of processes. Antifoam blends contain oils combined with small amounts of silica. They break down foam thanks to two of silicone’s properties: incompatibility with aqueous systems and ease of spreading.
Antifoam compounds are available either as powder or as an emulsion of the pure product.
Powder
Emulsions
BIOCIDES
Chlorine
Chlorine is the most widely used industrial biocide today. It has been used for disinfection of domestic water supplies and for the removal of tastes and odors from water for a long time. The amount of chlorine that needs to be added in a water system is determined by several factors, namely chlorine demand, contact time, pH, and temperature of the water, the volume of water, and the amount of chlorine that is lost through aeration. When chlorine gas enters a water supply it will hydrolyze to form hypochlorous and hydrochlorous acid. The latter determines the biocidal activity. This process takes place according to the following reaction:
Cl2 + H2O -> HOCl + HCl
Hydrochlorous acid is responsible for the oxidation reactions with the cytoplasm of microorganisms, after diffusion through the cell walls. Chlorine then disturbs the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), an essential compound for the respiration of microorganisms. The bacteria that are present in the water will die as a consequence of experienced breathing problems, caused by the activity of the chlorine.
The amount of chlorine that needs to be added for the control of bacterial growth is determined by the pH. The higher the pH, the more chlorine is needed to kill the unwanted bacteria in a water system. When the pH values are within a range of 8 to 9, 0.4 ppm of chlorine must be added. When the pH values are within a range of 9 to 10, 0.8 ppm of chlorine must be added.
Chlorine dioxide
Chlorine dioxide is an active oxidizing biocide that is applied more and more due to the fact that it has less damaging effects on the environment and human health than chlorine. It does not form hydrochlorous acids in water; it exists as dissolved chlorine dioxide, a compound that is a more reactive biocide at higher pH ranges. Chlorine dioxide is an explosive gas, and therefore it has to be produced or generated on-site, by means of the following reactions:
Cl2 + 2 NaClO2 -> 2 NaCl + 2 ClO2
2 HCl + 3 NaOCl + NaClO2 -> 2 ClO2 + 4 NaCl + H2O.
Chloroisocyanurates
Chloroisocyanurates are applied more and more due to the fact that they have less damaging effects on the environment and human health than chlorine. They do not form hydrochlorous acids in water; they exist as dissolved chlorine dioxide, a compound that is a more reactive biocide at higher pH ranges. Chlorine dioxide is an explosive gas, and therefore it has to be produced or generated on-site, by means of the following reactions:
Cl2 + 2 NaClO2 -> 2 NaCl + 2 ClO2
2 HCl + 3 NaOCl + NaClO2 -> 2 ClO2 + 4 NaCl + H2O.
Hypochlorite
Ozone
Ozone is naturally unstable. It can be used as a powerful oxidizing agent when it is generated in a reactor. As a biocide, it acts in much the same way as chlorine; it disturbs the formation of ATP, so that the cell respiration of microorganisms will be made difficult. During oxidation with ozone, bacteria usually die from the loss of life-sustaining cytoplasm. While the oxidation process takes place, ozone splits into oxygen and an ozone atom, which is lost during the reaction with cell fluids of the bacteria:
O3 -> O2 + (O)
A number of factors determine the amount of ozone required during oxidation, these are pH, temperature, organics and solvents, and accumulated reaction products. Ozone is more environmentally friendly than chlorine because it does not add chlorine to the water system. Due to its decomposition to oxygen, it will not harm aquatic life. Usually, 0.5 ppm of ozone is added to a water system, either on a continuous or intermittent basis.
Non-oxidizing agents:
Acrolein
Amines
Chlorinated phenolics
Copper salts
Copper salts have been used as biocides for a long time, but their use has been limited in recent years due to concerns about heavy metal contamination. They are applied in amounts of 1 to 2 ppm. When the water that is treated is located in steel tanks, copper salts should not be applied because of their ability to corrode steel. Copper salts should not be used in water that will be applied as drinking water either because they are toxic to humans.
Organo-sulfur compounds
Quaternary ammonium salts
OXYGEN SCAVENGERS
PH CONDITIONERS
RESIN CLEANERS
SCALE INHIBITORS
CAUSTIC SODA USES
- Food Industry: milk industry, canning, olive sweetening, water treatment, chocolate production, cocoa and caramel production, vegetable and fruit washing, soft drinks, oil refining, sugar, and sugar production.
- Metal and Electroplating Industries: metal, zinc, aluminum, galvanizing and electroplating, glass.
- In the pharmaceutical industry
- In the cosmetic industry
- In the alcohol industry
- In the battery industry and neutralizing the acid
- In the ceramic tile industry
- In the industries of detergents and soaps
- In the paper and carton industry
- In the oil and gas industry
- In the textile and leather industries
- In Rose Painting Industries
- In oil and gas and petrochemical industries
- In the chemical industry
- In the silk industry
- In laboratories to determine the concentration of acids in experiments
- In the glue manufacturing industry
- In industries as the disinfectant
- Recovery of rubber
FEATURES
- Strong fat and oil remover
- Neutralize acidic environments
- PH adjuster
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF CAUSTIC SODA
| Brand | Caustic Soda |
| Scientific name | Sodium Hydroxide |
| Chemical formula | Na-OH |
| Melting point | 1390 ° C |
| Density | 2.13 |
| The molecular weight of caustic soda | 01/40 |
| The melting point of interest | 12 ° C |
| Spot boiling point | 140 ° C |
| Relative density of percolation | 53.1% (50% solution), 2 at 5.5 ° C (solution 73% -70%) |
| Peroxide solubility in water | 109 g / 100 ml at 20 ° C |
INDUSTRIAL AND AUTOMOTIVE LUBRICANTS
INDUSTRIAL AND AUTOMOTIVE LUBRICANTS
REFINERY DIRECT SYNOL PLUS 10W40 4STROKE MOTORCYCLE OIL
| SAE Viscosity grade | 10W-40 |
| Viscosity @ 100ºC, cSt (ASTM D445) | 15.07 |
| Viscosity, @ 40ºC, cSt (ASTM D445) | 101.1 |
| Apparent Viscosity by CCS @ -25ºC (cP) ASTM D5293 | 5270 |
| Apparent Viscosity by MRV @ -30ºC (cP) ASTM D4684 | 18400 |
| Viscosity Index ASTM D2270 | 156 |
| Density @15.6 ºC, mg/l (ASTM D4052) | 0.8613 |
| Sulfated Ash (mass%) ASTM D874 | 0.9 |
| Total Base Number(mg KOH/g) ASTM D2896 | 9.8 |
| Flash Point, ºC (ASTM D92) | 226 |
REFINERY DIRECT SYNOL POWER 5W30 CAR/LCV ENGINE OIL(PETROL/DIESEL)
| SAE Viscosity grade | 5W-30 |
| Viscosity @ 100ºC, cSt (ASTM D445) | 10.45 |
| Viscosity, @ 40ºC, cSt (ASTM D445) | 36.31 |
| Apparent Viscosity by CCS @ -30ºC (cP) ASTM D5293 | 5940 |
| Apparent Viscosity by MRV @ -35ºC (cP) ASTM D4684 | 29000 |
| Viscosity Index ASTM D2270 | 154 |
| Density @15.6 ºC, mg/l (ASTM D4052) | 0.8554 |
| Sulfated Ash (mass%) ASTM D874 | 0.9 |
| Total Base Number(mg KOH/g) ASTM D2896 | 7.9 |
| Flash Point, ºC (ASTM D92) | 223 |
REFINERY DIRECT SYNOL MAGNET 15W50 4STROKE MOTORCYCLE
| SAE Grade | 15W-50 |
| Viscosity, ASTM D 445 | |
| cSt @ 40º C | 125 |
| cSt @ 100º C | 17.4 |
| Viscosity Index, ASTM D 2270 | 153 |
| Sulfated Ash, wt%, ASTM D 874 | 1.3 |
| HTHS Viscosity, mPa·s @ 150º C, ASTM D 4683 | 5.11 |
| Pour Point, ºC, ASTM D 97 | -45 |
| Flash Point, ºC, ASTM D 92 | 226 |
| Density @15º C kg/l, ASTM D 4052 | 0.864 |
REFINERY DIRECT SYNOL CRISTAL 5W40 CAR/LCV ENGINE OIL(PETROL/DIESEL)
| SAE Viscosity grade | 5W-40 |
| Viscosity @ 100ºC, cSt (ASTM D445) | 13.33 |
| Viscosity, @ 40ºC, cSt (ASTM D445) | 82.21 |
| Apparent Viscosity by CCS @ -30ºC (cP) ASTM D5293 | 5610 |
| Apparent Viscosity by MRV @ -35ºC (cP) ASTM D4684 | 24700 |
| Viscosity Index ASTM D2270 | 164 |
| Density @15.6 ºC, mg/l (ASTM D4052) | 0.8561 |
| Sulfated Ash (mass%) ASTM D874 | 1.2 |
| Total Base Number(mg KOH/g) ASTM D2896 | 9.9 |
| Flash Point, ºC (ASTM D92) | 222 |
REFINERY DIRECT SYNOL PROCARE 15W40 DIESEL ENGINE OIL(HEAVY VEHICLES)
| Properties | - | - | Method | R4 15W-40 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Viscosity Grade | - | - | - | 15W-40 |
| Kinematic Viscosity | @40°C | mm²/ s | ASTM D445 | 109 |
| Kinematic Viscosity | @100°C | mm²/ s | ASTM D445 | 4.7 |
| Dynamic Viscosity | @-20°C | mPa s | ASTM D5293 | 6700 |
| Viscosity Index | - | - | ASTM D2270 | 139 |
| Total Base Number | - | mg KOH/ g | ASTM D2896 | 10 |
| Sulphated Ash | - | wt | ASTM D874 | 1.2 |
| Density | @15°C | kg/ l | ASTM D4052 | 0.888 |
| Flash Point (COC) | - | °C | ASTM D92 | 230 |
| Pour Point | - | °C | ASTM D97 | -36 |
REFINERY DIRECT SYNOL MAGNET 15W50 4STROKE MOTORCYCLE
| SAE Grade | 15W-50 |
| Viscosity, ASTM D 445 | |
| cSt @ 40º C | 125 |
| cSt @ 100º C | 17.4 |
| Viscosity Index, ASTM D 2270 | 153 |
| Sulfated Ash, wt%, ASTM D 874 | 1.3 |
| HTHS Viscosity, mPa·s @ 150º C, ASTM D 4683 | 5.11 |
| Pour Point, ºC, ASTM D 97 | -45 |
| Flash Point, ºC, ASTM D 92 | 226 |
| Density @15º C kg/l, ASTM D 4052 | 0.864 |